國家衛(wèi)健委日前發(fā)布《2018年我國衛(wèi)生健康事業(yè)發(fā)展統(tǒng)計公報》。我國居民人均預(yù)期壽命由2017年的76.7歲提高到2018年的77.0歲。

The average life expectancy of Chinese people rose 42 years, from 35 years in 1949 to 77 years in 2018, according to a statistics communique recently released by the National Health Commission.

國家衛(wèi)健委發(fā)布的統(tǒng)計公報顯示，我國居民人均預(yù)期壽命由1949年的35歲增長到2018年的77歲，增加了42歲。

【名詞解釋】

人均預(yù)期壽命(average life expectancy)是指在一定死亡水平下，預(yù)期每個人出生時平均可存活的年數(shù)(the average time a person is expected to live based on the year of his/her birth)。人均預(yù)期壽命是度量人口健康狀況最重要的指標(biāo)(an important marker of the overall health of a society)，也是衡量一個國家或地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展水平及醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)水平的綜合指標(biāo)(a composite indicator of national or regional social economic development and health care service quality)。

國際上衡量一個國家居民健康水平的指標(biāo)主要是人均預(yù)期壽命(average life expectancy)、嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality rate)和孕產(chǎn)婦死亡率(maternal mortality rate)。

A nurse takes care of new-born infants at a hospital in Huai'an, East China's Jiangsu province, on March 3, 2008. [Photo/Agencies]

From 2017 to 2018, the infant mortality rate has dropped from 6.8 to 6.1 deaths per 1,000 live births, while the maternal mortality rate decreased from 19.6 to 18.3 per 100,000 births, said the government statistics.

統(tǒng)計顯示，2017年至2018年，嬰兒死亡率從6.8‰下降到6.1‰，孕產(chǎn)婦死亡率從19.6/10萬下降到18.3/10萬。

統(tǒng)計還顯示，2018年鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院和社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心(站)門診量(outpatient treatments at primary-level clinics)達(dá)19.2億人次，比上年增加0.4億人次?；踞t(yī)療保險覆蓋范圍進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大，城鄉(xiāng)居民基本醫(yī)保補(bǔ)貼(per capita basic medical insurance subsidy for urban and rural residents)有所增加。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

預(yù)期壽命 life expectancy

死亡率 mortality/death rate

出生率 birth rate

孕產(chǎn)婦死亡率 maternal mortality rate

早逝(夭折) early death

基本醫(yī)保 basic medical insurance

大病醫(yī)保 critical illness insurance program

遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療 telemedicine

參考來源：國家衛(wèi)健委官網(wǎng)、人民網(wǎng)

(中國日報網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 Helen)